Apollodorus, Library

Apollodorus, Library

Greece 2nd century CE   Apollodorus, Library (Bibliotheke)     We have lost to the centuries an enormous body of Greek literature. There are entire epic sagas whose plots we know only through scholars who consolidated their versions in Roman times. The most...
Chanson de Roland

Chanson de Roland

France Composed: ca. 1040-1115 CEEarliest extant manuscript: ca. 1129-1165 CE Anonymous The Song of Roland (La chanson de Roland) Halt sunt li pui e li val tenebrus… the high hills and foreboding valleys of the Pyrenees pass at Rencesvals reverberate with...
Fierabras

Fierabras

France c. 1170 Fierabras Introduction commissioned. ​ Contributor NameUniversity Affiliation Works Cited (if applicable) Works Cited   Resources BibliographyImagesWebsitesPerformances Editions: Fierabras, edited by Marc Le Person (Champion, 2003), who also...
Cantar de Mio Cid

Cantar de Mio Cid

Spain Composed: ca. 1140-1207 CE Earliest extant manuscript: ca. 1300 CE Anonymous Cantar de mio Cid The oldest and most intact of the three Spanish epic poems to survive in writing, the Cantar de mio Cid—known also as the Poema de mio Cid—recounts the deeds of a...
Renaut de Montauban

Renaut de Montauban

France late 12th century C.E.   Anonymous Renaut de Montauban (Les Quatre Fils Aymon)   Probably composed during the reign of Philip Augustus, known for toughness in his dealings with barons, the chanson de geste known as Renaut de Montauban encapsulates the...