Lakhnavi, The Adventures of Amir Hamza

Lakhnavi, The Adventures of Amir Hamza

Arabia, Persia, and the Subcontinent Oral tradition dating back to the 7th century Illustrated manuscript commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Akbar, c. 1562Urdu version by Ghalib Lakhnavi, 1855Expanded by Abdullah Bilgirami, 1871    Ghalib Lakhnavi The Adventures of...
The Epic of Jangar

The Epic of Jangar

Kalmykia, currently a republic in Southern Russia Transmitted orally for centuries. First published in 1910.   The Epic of Jangar   From ancient times to modernity, epic narratives have served as cultural repositories for humanity’s deepest existential questions....
The Epic of Askia Mohammed

The Epic of Askia Mohammed

West Africa Oral tradition, 16th centuryWritten accounts, 16th and 17th centuriesSummaries, 19th and 20th centuriesFirst linear publication: 1990 ​The Epic of Askia Mohammed (Mamar Kassaye Deeda) The Epic of Askia Mohammed was recorded by Thomas A. Hale in Saga,...